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Previous-year paper · 45 questions

IPMAT Indore 2025

Verbal Ability

Read the passage or information below

Meta is recalibrating content on its social media platforms as the political tide has turned in Washington, with Mark Zuckerberg announcing last week that his company plans to fire its US fact-checkers. Fact-checking evolved in response to allegations of misinformation and is being watered down in response to accusations of censorship. Social media does not have solutions to either. Community review - introduced by Elon Musk at X and planned by Zuckerberg for Facebook and Instagram - is not a significant improvement over fact-checking. Having Washington lean on foreign governments over content moderation does not benefit free speech. Yet, that is the nature of the social media beast, designed to amplify bias.

Information and misinformation continue to jostle on social media at the mercy of user discretion. Social media now has enough control over all other forms of media to broaden its reach. It is the connective tissue for mass consumption of entertainment, and alternative platforms are reworking their engagement with social media. Technologies are shaping up to drive this advantage further through synthetic content targeted precisely at its intended audience. Meta's algorithm will now play up politics because it is the flavour of the season.

The Achilles' Heel of social media is informed choice which could turn against misinformation. Its move away from content moderation is driven by the need to be more inclusive, yet unfiltered content can push users away from social media towards legacy forms that have better moderation systems in place. Lawmakers across the world are unlikely to give social media a free run, even if Donald Trump is working on their case. Protections have already been put in place across jurisdictions over misinformation. These may be difficult to dismantle, even if the Republicans pull US-owned social media companies further to the right.

Media consumption is, in essence, evidence-based judgement that mediums must adapt to. Content moderation, not free speech, is the adaptation mechanism. Musk and Zuckerberg are not exempt.

Question 1

The writer implies that

  1. A.

    uncensored content will always have more appeal than controlled content.

  2. B.

    social media's innate strength is the user's inability to fact check.

  3. C.

    social media can never be discarded by its users.

  4. D.

    older forms of media will regain users because of its controls.

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 2

The writer argues that social media

  1. A.

    remains unaffected by global debates amongst lawmakers on misinformation.

  2. B.

    has become the preferred way to access entertainment.

  3. C.

    flourishes because it can publish any material.

  4. D.

    is in a difficult position because it cannot adapt to new policies.

View answer

Correct answer: B

Question 3

The writer’s conclusion is that information available on social media is linked to

  1. A.

    the need for deregulation.

  2. B.

    the individual's right to free speech.

  3. C.

    the global legal systems' support of free speech.

  4. D.

    the policies of the governments in power.

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 4

Social media has succeeded in

  1. A.

    ignoring technology and artificial content.

  2. B.

    finding alternative means for fact-checking.

  3. C.

    becoming independent of other media.

  4. D.

    controlling other media that depend on it.

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 5

Technologies are enabling social media to

  1. A.

    enlarge its sphere of influence and persuasion.

  2. B.

    understand that algorithms cannot control its content.

  3. C.

    accept the current trends as emphasised by algorithms.

  4. D.

    readjust its interaction with competitors.

View answer

Correct answer: A

Question 6

The inherent downside associated with social media is that it

  1. A.

    does not address the problem of the digital divide.

  2. B.

    results in unremitting expansion of freedom of expression.

  3. C.

    creates and spreads much innate and acquired prejudice.

  4. D.

    reinforces existing objectivity among the users.

View answer

Correct answer: C

Read the passage or information below

According to the French philosopher Jean Baudrillard, commodities available for consumption are not inherently negative things. Baudrillard tried to interpret consumption in modern societies by engaging with the 'cargo myth' prevalent among the indigenous Melanesian people living in the South Pacific. The Melanesians did not know what aeroplanes were. However, they saw that these winged entities descended from the air for white people and appeared to make them happy. They also noted that aeroplanes never descended for the Melanesian people.

The Melanesian natives noted that the white people had placed objects similar to the aeroplane on the ground. They concluded that these objects were attracting the aeroplanes in the air and bringing them to the ground. Through a magical process, the aeroplanes were bringing plenty to the white people and making them happy. The Melanesian people concluded that they would need to place objects that simulated the aeroplane on the ground and attract them from the air. Baudrillard believes that the cargo myth holds an important analogy for the ways in which consumers engage with objects of consumption.

According to Baudrillard, the modern consumer "sets in place a whole array of sham objects, of characteristic signs of happiness, and then waits for happiness to alight". For instance, modern consumers believe that they will get happiness if they buy the latest available version of a mobile phone or automobile. However, consumption does not usually lead to happiness. While consumers should ideally be blaming their heightened expectations for their lack of happiness, they blame the commodity instead.

They feel that they should have waited for the next version of a mobile phone or automobile before buying the one they did. The version they bought is somehow inferior and therefore cannot make them happy. Baudrillard argues that consumers have replaced 'real' happiness with 'signs' of happiness. This results in the endless deferment of the arrival of total happiness.

In Baudrillard's words, "in everyday practice, the blessings of consumption are not experienced as resulting from work or from a production process; they are experienced as a miracle". Modern consumers view consumption in the same magical way as the Melanesian people viewed the aeroplanes in the cargo myth. Television commercials also present objects of consumption as miracles. As a result, commodities appear to be distanced from the social processes which lead to their production. In effect, objects of consumption are divorced from the reality which produces them.

Question 7

How can consumption be made more satisfying?

  1. A.

    By banning television commercials that promise real happiness.

  2. B.

    By understanding the connection between production and consumption.

  3. C.

    By recognising that commodities produce miraculous change.

  4. D.

    By rejecting colonialism and all other forms of economic oppression.

View answer

Correct answer: B

Question 8

Which of the following is an argument made by Baudrillard?

  1. A.

    Consumers value signs more than the real.

  2. B.

    Television commercials are at the heart of unhappiness experienced by consumers.

  3. C.

    Production and consumption are magical processes.

  4. D.

    Melanesian people coped with the inequality of colonialism by creating myths.

View answer

Correct answer: A

Question 9

How does Baudrillard engage with the cargo myth?

  1. A.

    He uses it to show that consumption is a blessing.

  2. B.

    He uses it as a metaphor to critique modern consumption.

  3. C.

    He uses it to describe the suffering of Indigenous people.

  4. D.

    He uses it to show that consumers should consume more serious objects.

View answer

Correct answer: B

Question 10

Why are consumers unhappy with commodities that they have just bought?

  1. A.

    Because they have exaggerated expectations of commodities.

  2. B.

    Because television commercials do not create enough hype about commodities.

  3. C.

    Because the Law of Diminishing Marginal Commodities comes into play.

  4. D.

    Because they focus on improved functionality of commodities.

View answer

Correct answer: A

Question 11

What is Baudrillard's position on total happiness?

  1. A.

    It is perpetually delayed.

  2. B.

    It comes with patience and waiting.

  3. C.

    It prioritises production over consumption.

  4. D.

    It results from ethical consumption.

View answer

Correct answer: A

Question 12

What is Baudrillard's position on consumption?

  1. A.

    It is a utilitarian process.

  2. B.

    It is a positive process.

  3. C.

    It is an egalitarian process.

  4. D.

    It is an irrational process.

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 13

Deepak is an unpleasant person, but we all ____________ because his sister is a close friend of ours.

  1. A.

    put him down

  2. B.

    put him aside

  3. C.

    put up with him

  4. D.

    put along with him

View answer

Correct answer: C

Question 14

We hope that the government's new policies will ______ a period of economic growth.

  1. A.

    usher in

  2. B.

    set in

  3. C.

    turn up

  4. D.

    set forth

View answer

Correct answer: A

Question 15

When she inherited some jewellery from a distant relative, she had no idea of its worth and decided ______.

  1. A.

    to get an approval

  2. B.

    to get it appreciated

  3. C.

    to have it appraised

  4. D.

    to have it apprised

View answer

Correct answer: C

Question 16

There are so many instances of one or more deer crossing the road, or just standing in the middle of the road, or else ____________; it is like the deer cannot hear the noise of the engines or see the headlights.

  1. A.

    jumping under the road

  2. B.

    foraging beneath the road

  3. C.

    staggering with the road

  4. D.

    bounding across the road

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 17

Everyone wondered how the travel vlogger could go around the world all through the year and ______.

  1. A.

    manage his itinerant life style

  2. B.

    manage his itinerary life style

  3. C.

    manage his iterative life style

  4. D.

    manage his itinerary in his life style

View answer

Correct answer: A

Question 18

Without a doubt, the widespread use of renewable energy is a key solution to climate change. However, it is not a ___________, as efforts in conservation are equally crucial.

  1. A.

    dead ringer

  2. B.

    silver lining

  3. C.

    red herring

  4. D.

    silver bullet

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 19

The labourers who were fired broke into the office building and destroyed some of the machinery. Rather than finding a solution to their problems, they __________

  1. A.

    exacerbated the situation

  2. B.

    extended their troubles

  3. C.

    exaggerated their hardships

  4. D.

    extenuated the circumstance

View answer

Correct answer: A

Question 20

Among scientists, the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA and the genetic code it incorporates is widely regarded to be one of the most significant scientific discovery of the twentieth century.

  1. A.

    regarded for being one of the most significant scientific discoveries

  2. B.

    regarded as one of the most significant scientific discoveries

  3. C.

    regarded like one of the most significant scientific discovery

  4. D.

    regarded being one of the most significant scientific discoveries

View answer

Correct answer: B

Question 21

Thank goodness, the damage to the car was neglectful.

  1. A.

    was negligible

  2. B.

    was neglecting

  3. C.

    was neglectable

  4. D.

    was negligent

View answer

Correct answer: A

Question 22

Although the new policy aims to increase efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing employee satisfaction, some employees feel that the changes are too abrupt and poorly communicated.

  1. A.

    increase efficiency, reducing the costs and enhanced employee satisfaction

  2. B.

    increasing efficiency, reducing of costs, and enhancing of employee satisfaction

  3. C.

    increase the efficiency, reduce the costs and enhancing employee satisfaction

  4. D.

    increase efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance employee satisfaction

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 23

If the President knew that his allies would let him down so suddenly, he would have handled them with the greatest care.

  1. A.

    Had the President knowledge that his allies would let him down

  2. B.

    Had the President known that his allies would let him down

  3. C.

    If the President could know beforehand that his allies would let him down

  4. D.

    If the President knew that his allies can let him down

View answer

Correct answer: B

Question 24

When I had to leave town due to office work, I had my brother to give food to my dog twice a day.

  1. A.

    had my brother feed my dog

  2. B.

    had my brother giving food to my dog

  3. C.

    had my brother who fed my dog

  4. D.

    had my brother to feed my dog

View answer

Correct answer: A

Question 25

A report published in Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology has called for an overhaul of our understanding of obesity. An over-reliance on using Body Mass Index [BMI] as a metric has the peculiar effect of leading to both underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis of the condition. __________________________. BMI does not give accurate information about how fat is distributed in an individual’s body. It frequently fails to capture the true state of health of an individual. A person’s BMI may indicate they are “obese”, but their organs and bodily functions may be absolutely normal. Every individual is a unique constellation — not only of genes and other biological variables, but also socio-economic conditions and habits.

  1. A.

    Obesity is the end result of multiple factors and BMI can pinpoint the cause of the problem

  2. B.

    Further, much of the information on diabetes, obesity or BMI available on social media is misleading

  3. C.

    BMI reading can help the doctor to accurately prescribe the appropriate dosage to reduce fat

  4. D.

    This is because BMI does not provide a reliable picture of health, nor any direct measure of fat

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 26

An island in Japan boasts of numerous dairy farms that own nearly one million cows, and supplies 70% of the milk sold in the country. These dairy farms have now begun to use cow manure to produce hydrogen. The methane from cow manure mingles with steam in a high temperature environment to produce hydrogen, which is used to electrify the local zoo. __________________________.

  1. A.

    The Indian government too, should replicate this, and use such technology to produce hydrogen

  2. B.

    It is a case study of a certain animal that is useful in providing energy for several other animals

  3. C.

    This is an exemplary way of creating a sustainable source of energy using innovative technology

  4. D.

    This shows how Japan has always used technology to help animals

View answer

Correct answer: C

Question 27

As globalization held sway over the world, communities, which used to live in relative isolation, sought access to the wider world, and in the process, they parted with their own language and adopted a new lingua franca. The loss of language, however, does not merely mean the loss of a mode of communication or the loss of a few thousand words. __________________________. So, when a language dies, a way of thinking dies with it.

  1. A.

    A certain school of thought regrets the demise of local languages but in recent times revival movements have emerged across the world, especially in India

  2. B.

    A potentially endangered language can sometimes appear to be thriving, or on the other hand, it can show signs of declining

  3. C.

    Languages exist not only for the purposes of practical communication; they convey a linguistic community's entire mindset and its culture

  4. D.

    Since evolution and change in languages is a part of history, most of the languages spoken today would be scarcely recognizable from what they were a few thousand or maybe even a few hundred years ago

View answer

Correct answer: C

Question 28

On the first day of January 2025, the Indian Meteorological Department [IMD] announced that 2024 was the hottest year on record. A study by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water shows that nearly eight out of ten Indians live in districts that are at risk of either a flood, a cyclone, or a drought. Nearly twenty three States in India are heatwave-prone. __________________________. In the summer of 2024, India recorded more than 44,000 cases of heatstroke and over 300 heat-related mortalities, as per the bulletin of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Water reservoirs and the energy demand that keeps India powered are impacted too. During a ten-day long heatwave in Delhi, peak power demand was 16% higher than the previous year.

  1. A.

    According to the Council, more than 20% of the population is not affected by climate change

  2. B.

    The record-breaking heat of the summer of 2024 resulted in an unpredictable and delayed monsoon

  3. C.

    However, the people of these districts are given sufficient compensation for loss of life and property

  4. D.

    The increasing heat stress remains a major challenge, affecting public health and economic productivity

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 29

Art can be ____________ because it encourages individuals to express their emotions through a creative outlet, allowing them to process complex feelings, reduce stress, and ____________ self-awareness.

  1. A.

    pleasing; decrease

  2. B.

    acceptable; disturb

  3. C.

    avoidable; mitigate

  4. D.

    therapeutic; enhance

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 30

Astronauts who stayed for an ____________ period of time at the International Space Station displayed a remarkable level of ____________ endurance and mental ____________.

  1. A.

    extensive; dysfunctional; agility

  2. B.

    explicit; stoic; integrity

  3. C.

    expanded; stern; acuity

  4. D.

    extended; physical; resilience

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 31

While Curcumin, which is an ______ found in turmeric helps to reduce ______, extremely high doses of it can ______ headache and nausea.

  1. A.

    enzyme; abrasion; infuse

  2. B.

    alkali; infection; promote

  3. C.

    alchemy; injury; cause

  4. D.

    ingredient; inflammation; induce

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 32

The notion of personhood is ____________ on something more than a particular type of genetic material within human beings: it arises only with the larger-scale structural ____________ of that material, which permits capacities like ____________, thought and moral agency.

  1. A.

    dependent; disorganisation; deconstruction

  2. B.

    interdependent; division; differentiation

  3. C.

    built; distribution; calibration

  4. D.

    premised; organisation; consciousness

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 33

Since chronic stress can ____________ the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to illness and ____________ their overall well-being, healthcare practitioners often recommend mindfulness practices and proper sleep to ____________ these negative effects.

  1. A.

    undermine; elevate; impede

  2. B.

    compromise; impair; counter

  3. C.

    paralyse; improve; diminish

  4. D.

    endanger; preserve; decrease

View answer

Correct answer: B

Question 34

Psychologists urge users to remember that social media rarely reflects the full complexity of real life. Influencers often ____________ a carefully curated online persona, which can ____________ unrealistic standards and occasionally ____________ negative self-comparisons amongst their followers.

  1. A.

    endorse; foster; provoke

  2. B.

    maintain; generate; trigger

  3. C.

    advocate; perpetuate; stimulate

  4. D.

    profess; inspire; release

View answer

Correct answer: B

Read the passage or information below

CONVERSATION ANALYSIS: Read the following transcript and choose the answer that is closest to each of the questions that are based on the transcript.

Lucia Rahilly (Global Editorial Director, The McKinsey Podcast): Today we're talking about the next big arenas of competition, about the industries that will matter most in the global business landscape, which you describe as arenas of competition. What do we mean when we use this term?

Chris Bradley (Director, McKinsey Global Institute): If I go back and look at the top ten companies in 2005, they were in traditional industries such as oil and gas, retail, industrials, and pharmaceuticals. The average company was worth about $250 billion. If I advance the clock forward to 2020, nine in ten of those companies have been replaced, and by companies that are eight times bigger than the old guards.

And this new batch of companies comes from these new arenas or competitive sectors. In fact, they're so different that we have a nickname for them. If you're a fan of Harry Potter, it's wizards versus muggles.

Arena industries are wizard-ish; we found that there's a set of industries that play by very different set of economic rules and get very different results, while the rest, the muggles (even though they run the world, finance the world, and energize the world), play by a more traditional set of economic rules.

Lucia Rahilly: Could we put a finer point on what is novel or different about the lens that you applied to determine what's a wizard and what's a muggle?

Chris Bradley: Wizards are defined by growth and dynamism. We looked at where value is flowing and the places where value is moving.
And where is the value flowing? What we see is that this set of wizards, which represent about ten percent of industries, hog 45 percent of the growth in market cap. But there's another dimension or axis too, which is dynamism. That is measured by a new metric we've come up with called the "shuffle rate." How much does the bottom move to the top? It turns out that in this set of wizard-ish industries, or arenas, the shuffle rate is much higher than it is in the traditional industry.

Lucia Rahilly: So, where are we seeing the most profit?

Chris Bradley: The economic profit, which is the profit you make minus the cost for the capital you employ is in the wizard industries. It's where R&D happens; they're two times more R&D intensive. They're big stars, the nebulae, where new business is born.

Question 35

In the context of the conversation, "dynamism" most closely refers to

  1. A.

    the slow, gradual growth and morphing of established companies.

  2. B.

    the rapid and frequent changes in leadership and market position within an industry.

  3. C.

    the never-changing reliance on established and unchanging business practices.

  4. D.

    the stability and predictability of traditional industries.

View answer

Correct answer: B

Question 36

In the context of the conversation, the term "arenas of competition" refers to

  1. A.

    specific companies that are considered to be powerful competitors.

  2. B.

    government regulations that control business competition.

  3. C.

    physical locations where businesses compete.

  4. D.

    broad categories of industries where companies engage in competitive activities.

View answer

Correct answer: D

Question 37

"Muggles" refers to industries that

  1. A.

    are characterized by rapid and frequent changes.

  2. B.

    exhibit high levels of market capitalization growth.

  3. C.

    operate under traditional economic principles.

  4. D.

    are primarily focused on technological innovation.

View answer

Correct answer: C

Question 38

Which one of the following does "shuffle rate" not measure?

  1. A.

    Volatility of market leadership.

  2. B.

    Churn within the arena of competition.

  3. C.

    Overall profitability of traditional industries.

  4. D.

    Relative change within an industry.

View answer

Correct answer: C

Question 39

"Wizard" industries are characterized by

  1. A.

    a slower rate of market capitalization growth.

  2. B.

    a higher concentration of economic profit and research and development.

  3. C.

    a reliance on traditional economic rules and practices.

  4. D.

    lower research and development spending.

View answer

Correct answer: B

Question 40

Which of the following best and correctly summarizes the main idea of the conversation?

  1. A.

    The global economy is shifting back towards traditional industries, as they offer more stable returns.

  2. B.

    Newer, dynamic industries, termed "wizards," are experiencing significantly greater growth and profit compared to traditional industries.

  3. C.

    Traditional industries are consistently more profitable than newer, "wizard-ish" industries.

  4. D.

    The terms "wizard" and "muggle" are used to describe the magical elements of business success.

View answer

Correct answer: B

Question 41

The sentences given below, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a number. Decide on the most logical order and enter the sequence of numbers in the space provided.

  1. Among its major urban centres, Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro stand out as prime examples of this architectural prowess, revealing large public structures, residential areas, and sophisticated water management systems indicative of a complex societal structure.

  2. Showing remarkable sophistication for its time, this ancient culture developed meticulously planned cities, complete with advanced sanitation systems and intricate grid layouts that underscore its profound understanding of urban design and engineering.

  3. Economically, the civilization thrived on a foundation of extensive trade networks, connecting them with distant lands, alongside a robust agricultural system that sustained its large populations and facilitated surplus production.

  4. Despite its impressive achievements and longevity, the reasons behind the eventual decline of this remarkable civilization remain largely enigmatic, prompting ongoing research and speculation among historians and archaeologists.

  5. The Indus Valley Civilization, flourishing in the Bronze Age, represents one of humanity's earliest urban societies, evidenced by archaeological discoveries dating back thousands of years.

View answer

Correct answer: 52134

Question 42

The sentences given below, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a number. Decide on the most logical order and enter the sequence of numbers in the space provided.

  1. Using the wonders of Artificial Intelligence (Al), they quickly improved upon those skills to become far more dexterous.

  2. Inside a robotics laboratory of the Toyota Research Institute, a group of robots is busy cooking. There is nothing special about that; robotic chefs have been around for a while.

  3. Despite their extraordinary culinary capabilities, these robots are not destined for a career in catering.

  4. But these robots are more proficient than most: flipping pancakes, slicing vegetables, and making pizzas with ease.

  5. The difference is that instead of being laboriously programmed to carry out their tasks, the Toyota robots have been taught only a basic set of skills.

View answer

Correct answer: 24513

Question 43

The sentences given below, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a number. Decide on the most logical order and enter the sequence of numbers in the space provided.

  1. Seven of the ten worst affected countries (including India) are low- and middle-income countries.

  2. Between 1993 and 2022, India was the sixth worst-affected country in terms of fatalities and damage sustained from extreme weather events wrought by the climate crisis.

  3. High income nations, whose economies are founded in industrial era use of fossil fuels, meanwhile, insist that growing economies, especially India and China, shoulder greater responsibility.

  4. This reinforces the developing world's contention that it has had to bear a disproportionate burden of climate afflictions despite having contributed little to the crisis.

View answer

Correct answer: 2143

Question 44

The sentences given below, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a number. Decide on the most logical order and enter the sequence of numbers in the space provided.

  1. When we take time to notice these moments, we discover hidden beauty that sparks our creative thoughts because creativity isn’t just about rare, amazing events—it’s also about finding the special in the ordinary.

  2. Creativity is often seen as the ability to look at the world in a new way—to turn everyday sights, sounds, and experiences into art or ideas.

  3. In fact, inspiration can come from small details of daily life: the gentle warmth of morning sunlight on a kitchen counter, the steady sound of traffic outside, or the brief smile of a stranger on a busy street.

  4. Many people wrongly think that true creativity only comes from big ideas or exciting adventures.

View answer

Correct answer: 2431

Question 45

The sentences given below, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a number. Decide on the most logical order and enter the sequence of numbers in the space provided.

  1. In drought conditions, water often depletes in the topsoil and remains accessible only in the deeper subsoil layers.
  2. A new study gives new insights into how the acid changes root growth angles to enable plants to reach out deeper subsoils in search of water.
  3. Plants rely on their root systems, the primary organs for interacting with soil, to actively seek water.
  4. Abscisic acid plays an important role in helping plants adapt to these challenging conditions.
View answer

Correct answer: 3142

Question and solution source: Afterboards. Sample and dropped questions retain their source labels.